phase~1 min readUpdated 2026-07-19#phase#training#inference#systems

Phase 03 — Training and Inference

Training and inference execute related graphs under different constraints. Training stores activations and gradients to update parameters; inference optimizes loading, memory traffic, batching, caching, and response latency.

Mental model

Training is a repeated measure-and-update system; inference is a scheduled read-only execution system. Both are bounded by tensor shapes, memory movement, precision, parallelism, and reliability requirements.

Roadmap through the branches

Exit criteria

You can describe data/model/pipeline parallelism, mixed precision, checkpointing, adaptation methods, prefill versus decode, KV-cache pressure, continuous batching, quantization, and latency-throughput-cost tradeoffs.

Connects to: Phase 02 — Learning and Models · Phase 04 — Context and Agency

Core sources